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Main conclusion A general distribution of tandem repeats (TRs) in the wheat genome was predicted and a new web page combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization experiments, and the newly developed Oligo probes will improve the resolution for wheat chromosome identification.Comprehensive sequence analysis of tandem repeats (TR) in the wheat reference genome permits discovery and application of...
Main conclusion Cell-size enlargement plays a pivotal role in increasing the leaf size of triploid poplar, and polyploidization could change leaf shape. ABP1 was highly expressed in triploid plants and positively related to cell size.In the plant kingdom, the leaf is the most important energy production organ, and polyploidy often exhibits a “Gigas” effect on leaf size, which benefits agriculture...
Main conclusion Chlorophyll fluorescence, infrared gas exchange and photoinhibition data consistently show that vulpinic acid in L. vulpina functions as a strong blue light screening compound.The cortical lichen compounds, parietin, atranorin, usnic acid and melanins are known to screen photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), thereby protecting the underlying photobionts. The role of the toxic...
Main conclusion This study identified biocontrol measures for improving plant quality and resistance under biotic stress caused by the most devastating pathogen in tomato production.The management of plant diseases are dependent on a variety of factors. Two important variables are the soil quality and its bacterial/fungal community. However, the interaction of these factors is not well understood...
Main conclusion The level of resistance induced in different tomato genotypes after β-CRY treatment correlated with the upregulation of defence genes, but not sterol binding and involved ethylene and jasmonic acid signalling.Elicitins, a family of small proteins secreted by Phytophthora and Pythium spp., are the most well-known microbe-associated molecular patterns of oomycetes, a lineage of fungus-like...
Main conclusion The results provide a significant verification of functional redundancy and diversity of CUC/NAM genes in legumes.The CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON/NO APICAL MERISTEM (CUC/NAM) orthologs play key roles for plant organ boundary formation and organ development. Here, we performed a forward screen of the gamma irradiation mutagenesis population in mungbean and characterised a mutant, reduced rachis and fused leaflets...
Main conclusion Fe uptake machinery of chloroplasts prefers to utilise Fe(III)–citrate over Fe–nicotianamine complexes.Iron uptake in chloroplasts is a process of prime importance. Although a few members of their iron transport machinery were identified, the substrate preference of the system is still unknown. Intact chloroplasts of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) were purified and subjected to iron...
Main conclusion This manuscript describes the cloning and functional characterization of a biphenyl phytoalexin biosynthetic gene, 3,5-dihydroxybiphenyl O-methyltransferase from elicitor-treated cell cultures of scab resistant apple cultivar ‘Florina’.Apples belong to the subtribe Malinae of the Rosaceae family. Biphenyls and dibenzofurans are the specialized phytoalexins of Malinae, of which aucuparin...
Main conclusion The molecular mechanisms regulating calcium-mediated thermotolerance in Camellia sinensis were revealed by RNA-Sequencing.Heat stress is one of the most remarkable abiotic factors limiting the growth and productivity of Camellia sinensis plants. Calcium helps regulate plant responses to various adverse environmental conditions, including heat stress. In this study, the effects of exogenous...
Main conclusion Germination of primary dormant wild oat caused by KAR1 or GA3 is associated with ACC accumulation and increased ethylene production shortly before radicle protrusion as a result of the non-transcriptional and transcriptional activation of ACS and ACO enzymes, respectively. Response to both compounds involves the modulation of ethylene sensitivity through ethylene receptor genes.Harvested...
Ficus species have adapted to diverse environments and pests by developing physical or chemical protection strategies. Physical defences are based on the accumulation of minerals such as calcium oxalate crystals, amorphous calcium carbonates and silica that lead to tougher plants. Additional cellular structures such as non-glandular trichomes or laticifer cells make the leaves rougher or sticky upon...
Main conclusion The higher water loss of russeted fruit results from the higher permeance of the periderm of the russeted skin as compared to that of the intact cuticle and epidermis.Apple fruit surfaces are often in-parallel composites, comprising areas of intact cuticle (atop a healthy epidermis) adjacent to areas covered by periderm (so-called russet). The occurrence of non-russeting and russeting...
Main conclusion Expression of the Galactinol synthase genes in rice is regulated through post-transcriptional intron retention in response to abiotic stress and may be linked to Raffinose Family Oligosaccharide synthesis in osmotic perturbation.Galactinol synthase (GolS) is the first committed enzyme in raffinose family oligosaccharide (RFO) synthesis pathway and synthesizes galactinol from UDP-galactose...
Main conclusion Eight variants in ZmHKT1 promoter were significantly associated with root diameter, four haplotypes based on these significant variants were found, and Hap2 has the largest root diameter.Roots play an important role in uptake of water, nutrients and plant anchorage. Identification of gene and corresponding SNPs associated with root traits would enable develop maize lines with better...
Main conclusion Boxwood leaves are more susceptible to Calonectria pseudonaviculata (Cps) and better suited for Cps reproduction than those of pachysandra and sweet box. Passages through a non-boxwood host may alter Cps ability to sporulate.Calonectria pseudonaviculata (Cps) infects boxwood and its two common companion plants—pachysandra and sweet box. This study investigated how boxwood, pachysandra,...
Main conclusion Four R3 MYB genes were cloned and identified from Platanus acerifolia and analysed according to endogenous gene expression profiles, protein–protein interaction patterns, phenotypic effects and related gene expression profiles in transgenic Arabidopsis, suggesting that London plane R3 MYB genes inhibit trichome formation in Arabidopsis. The CPC-like MYB transcription factors including...
Main conclusion Comparative genomic analysis of cytochromes P450 revealed high diversification and dynamic changes in stramenopiles, associated with transcriptional responsiveness to various environmental stimuli.Comparative genomic and molecular evolution approaches were used to characterize cytochromes P450 (P450) diversity in stramenopiles. Phylogenetic analysis pointed to a high diversity of P450...
Main conclusion Using a genome-wide analysis of miRNAs in ‘Yali’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) via the next-generation high-throughput sequencing of small RNAs with a bioinformatics analysis, we found that pbr-miR156, pbr-miR164, pbr-miR399, and pbr-miR482 and their target genes function in viral defense in ‘Duli’ and ‘Hongbaoshi’. pbr-miR160, pbr-miR168, pbr-miR171, and pbr-miR319 and their targets...
Main conclusion30 expansin genes were identified in the jujube genome. Phylogenetic analysis classified expansins into 17 subgroups. Closely related expansins share a conserved gene structure.ZjEXPshad different expression patterns in different tissues.Plant-specific expansins were first discovered as pH-dependent cell-wall-loosening proteins involved in diverse physiological processes. No comprehensive...
Main conclusion The accumulation of volatile phenol glycoconjugates in smoke-exposed grapes was monitored following grapevine exposure to smoke, with different glycoconjugate profiles observed for fruit sampled 1 and 7 days after smoke exposure, and at maturity. Foliar application of kaolin reduced the concentration of volatile phenol glycoconjugates in smoke-exposed fruit, but efficacy depended on...
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